Monkeypox & Pregnancy: What You Need to Know 

Medically reviewed by
dr. Ade Permana, Sp. OG Subspesies F. E. R, MARS

Monkeypox, a viral infection related to smallpox, has recently emerged as a global health concern. This illness, characterized by fever, rash, and swollen lymph nodes, poses particular challenges for pregnant individuals. Understanding the implications of monkeypox on pregnancy and taking appropriate precautions is crucial for ensuring the health of both parent and baby.  

Understanding Monkeypox 

Monkeypox is caused by the monkeypox virus, a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus. The disease manifests with symptoms such as fever, rash, and swollen lymph nodes. Although generally less severe than smallpox, monkeypox can still lead to significant health issues. Recent outbreaks have increased the urgency to understand its effects on various populations, including those who are pregnant. 

Risks to Pregnant Individuals 

Pregnant individuals are at risk of more severe outcomes if they contract monkeypox. According to the CDC, although there is limited specific data on monkeypox in pregnancy, viral infections can pose risks to both the parent and the fetus. Pregnant individuals with monkeypox might experience intensified symptoms due to their altered immune response, which could potentially lead to complications such as preterm labor or transmission of the virus to the fetus. 

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) emphasizes the importance of caution and preventive measures for pregnant individuals to avoid monkeypox infection. The severity of monkeypox during pregnancy can vary, making it essential for pregnant individuals to remain vigilant and consult healthcare providers for guidance. 

Managing Monkeypox During Pregnancy 

Effective management of monkeypox during pregnancy involves several key strategies: 

1. Isolation and Prevention: Infected individuals should isolate themselves to prevent the spread of the virus. Healthcare providers must adhere to strict infection control protocols to protect both the patient and others in the healthcare setting (UTSW Medical Center). 
2. Monitoring and Care: Pregnant individuals with monkeypox should undergo close monitoring to assess the condition of both the parent and the fetus. Regular ultrasounds and other assessments may be necessary to ensure the health and safety of both parties. 
3. Treatment Options: While there are no specific antiviral treatments for monkeypox, supportive care remains critical. Pregnant individuals should work closely with their healthcare providers to manage symptoms and address any complications that may arise. 

Public Health Recommendations 

Public health strategies focus on preventing the spread of monkeypox and protecting vulnerable populations, including pregnant individuals. The CDC and other health organizations recommend maintaining good hygiene, avoiding contact with infected individuals, and seeking medical advice if symptoms appear. These measures are essential to reduce the risk of monkeypox transmission and protect public health. 

Insights from Recent Research 

Recent research provides valuable insights into monkeypox and its effects on pregnancy. A study published in The Lancet highlights the need for further research on the impact of monkeypox during pregnancy. The study underscores that while data is still emerging, pregnant individuals should be cautious and informed about the risks associated with monkeypox (The Lancet). 

Similarly, a study in ScienceDirect points out that while there is limited direct evidence linking monkeypox with adverse pregnancy outcomes, it is prudent to apply general precautionary measures. Pregnant individuals should stay informed and consult healthcare professionals for updated guidance and recommendations. 

For those involved in pregnancy programs or studying public health, understanding these risks and implementing effective measures is crucial. As a master of public health might advise, staying informed about emerging diseases like monkeypox is key to ensuring better health outcomes for pregnant individuals and their babies. 

In conclusion, while the specific effects of monkeypox on pregnancy are still under investigation, pregnant individuals should exercise caution and take preventive measures to avoid infection. Close monitoring and adherence to public health guidelines are vital for managing monkeypox during pregnancy. Staying informed through credible sources and working closely with healthcare providers can help navigate the challenges posed by this disease and safeguard the health of both parent and baby. 

References: 

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (n.d.). Pregnancy and Monkeypox. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/mpox/clinicians/pregnancy.html 
• American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). (n.d.). Obstetric Care Considerations: Monkeypox. Retrieved from https://www.acog.org/clinical-information/physician-faqs/obstetric-care-considerations-mpox 
• UTSW Medical Center. (2023). Monkeypox and Pregnancy: What You Need to Know. Retrieved from https://utswmed.org/medblog/monkeypox-pregnancy/ 
• Behr, M. A., & Davis, B. K. (2022). Monkeypox and Pregnancy: An Overview. ScienceDirect. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666577822000788 
• Paltiel, A. D., Zheng, A., & Zheng, A. (2022). Monkeypox in Pregnancy: Insights and Implications. The Lancet. Retrieved from https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(22)01063-7/fulltext